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Although there are thousands of potential exploits designed
 to take advantage of improperly designed websites, SQL injection is by 
far one of the most effective, easiest, and far-reaching attacks. SQL 
injection attacks are reported on a daily basis as more and more 
websites rely on data-driven designs to create dynamic content for 
readers. These dynamic designs use MySQL or another database system 
which probably relies on SQL; thus making them vulnerable to attack.
<br />
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Since a SQL Injection attack works directly with databases,
 you should have a basic understanding of SQL before getting started.  SQL Database for Beginners is an excellent resource for those unfamiliar with Structured Query Language.<span id="more-18344"></span></div>
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In this article, you will learn how to perform a SQL injection attack on a website. <strong>Please note that this article is for instructional purposes only.</strong>
 If you successfully breach a website that does not belong to you, you 
are in violation of federal law and could face incarceration and hefty 
fines. That said, it is useful to understand how SQL injection works so 
that you can prevent it from occurring on your own website.</div>
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What is a SQL Injection?</h2>
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SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits a
 security vulnerability within the database layer of an application. 
This vulnerability can be found when user input is incorrectly filtered 
for string literal escape characters embedded in SQL statements.</div>
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Although SQL injection is most commonly used to attack 
websites, it can also be used to attack any SQL database. Last year, a 
security company reported that the average web application is attacked 
at least four times per month by SQL injection techniques. Online 
retailers receive more attacks than any other industry with an online 
presence.</div>
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Picking a Target</h2>
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The first step to performing a SQL injection attack is to 
find a vulnerable website. This will probably be the most time-consuming
 process in the entire attack. More and more websites are protecting 
themselves from SQL injection meaning that finding a vulnerable target 
could take quite some time.</div>
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One of the easiest ways to find vulnerable sites is known 
as Google Dorking. In this context, a dork is a specific search query 
that finds websites meeting the parameters of the advanced query you 
input. Some examples of dorks you can use to find sites vulnerable to a 
SQL injection attack include:</div>
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<em>inurl:index.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:trainers.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:buy.php?category=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:article.php?ID=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:play_old.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:declaration_more.php?decl_id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:pageid=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:games.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:page.php?file=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:newsDetail.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:gallery.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:article.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:show.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:staff_id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:newsitem.php?num= andinurl:index.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:trainers.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:buy.php?category=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:article.php?ID=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:play_old.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:declaration_more.php?decl_id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:pageid=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:games.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:page.php?file=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:newsDetail.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:gallery.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:article.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:show.php?id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:staff_id=</em></div>
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<em>inurl:newsitem.php?num=</em></div>
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Of course, there are many others as well. The key component
 of these specialized search queries is that they all focus on websites 
that rely on PHP scripts to generate dynamic content from a SQL database
 somewhere on the backend of the server. You can learn more about 
advanced Google search techniques in Unleash Google Search.</div>
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Remember that a SQL injection attack can work on any SQL 
database, but PHP-based websites are usually your best targets because 
they can be set up by just about anyone (i.e. WordPress) and often 
contain lots of valuable information about customers within the database
 you are attempting to hack.</div>
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However, just because Google pops up with a result using 
these dorks does not mean it is vulnerable to attack. The next step is 
to test each site until you find one that is vulnerable.</div>
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Navigate to one of the websites you found. For this 
example, assume that one of the search results is 
http://www.udemy.com/index.php?catid=1. To find out if this site is 
vulnerable to SQL injection, simply add an apostrophe at the end of the 
URL like this:</div>
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<em>http://www.udemy.com/index.php?catid=1’</em></div>
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Press enter and see what the website does. If the page 
returns a SQL error, the website is vulnerable to SQL injection. If the 
page loads normally, it is not a candidate for SQL injection and you 
should move on to the next URL in your list.</div>
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The errors you receive do not matter. As a general, if the 
website returns any SQL errors, it should be vulnerable to SQL injection
 techniques.</div>
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At this point, understanding SQL is even more important as 
you will begin manipulating the database directly from the vulnerable 
page.  Practical SQL Skills is a solid resource for beginner and intermediate users.</div>
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Starting the Attack</h2>
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After locating a vulnerable site, you need to figure out 
how many columns are in the SQL database and how many of those columns 
are able to accept queries from you. Append an “order by” statement to 
the URL like this:</div>
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<em>http://www.udemy.com/index.php?catid=1 order by 1</em></div>
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Continue to increase the number after “order by” until you 
get an error. The number of columns in the SQL database is the highest 
number before you receive an error. You also need to find out what 
columns are accepting queries.</div>
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You can do this by appending an “Union Select” statement to the URL. A union select statement in this URL would look like this:</div>
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<em>http://www.udemy.com/index.php?catid=-1 union select 1,2,3,4,5,6</em></div>
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There are a couple of things to note in this example. 
Before the number one (after catid), you need to add a hyphen (-). Also,
 the number of columns you discovered in the previous step is the number
 of digits you put after the union select statement. For instance, if 
you discovered that the database had 12 columns, you would append:</div>
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<em>catid=-1 union select 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12</em></div>
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The results of this query will be the column numbers that 
are actually accepting queries from you. You can choose any one of these
 columns to inject your SQL statements.</div>
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Exploiting the Database</h2>
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At this point, you know what columns to direct your SQL 
queries at and you can begin exploiting the database. You will be 
relying on union select statements to perform most of the functions from
 this point forward.</div>
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The tutorial ends here. You have learned how to select a 
vulnerable website and detect which columns are responsive to your 
queries. The only thing left to do is append SQL commands to the URL. 
Some of the common functions you can perform at this point include 
getting a list of the databases available, getting the current user, 
getting the tables, and ultimately, the columns within these tables. The
 columns are where all of the personal information is stored.</div>
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If you are unfamiliar with using SQL commands to finish the
 exploit, you should study various commands before attempting a SQL 
injection attack.  You can also check out Website Hacking in Practice for additional tips and tricks.</div>
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Using this information, you can search for vulnerabilities 
within your own websites and perform penetration testing for others. 
Remember that what you do with this information is solely your 
responsibility. Hacking is a lot of fun – but it doesn’t mean you have 
to break the law to have a good time.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.udemy.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/sqlinjectiontutorial1-300x225.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://www.udemy.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/sqlinjectiontutorial1-300x225.jpg" /></a></div>
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Computers SQL Injection Tutorial for Beginners

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